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Treatment
It's important that your doctor is experienced in treating patients with acute leukemia or has access to an acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) specialist.
Types of ALL TreatmentDoctors use several types of approaches and treatment combinations for ALL:
Diagnosis
Diagnosing hairy cell leukemia usually involves a series of tests, including blood tests and bone marrow tests.
Treatment Outcomes
The cure rates and survival outcomes for patients with ALL have improved over the past few decades. Today, nearly 90 percent of adults diagnosed with ALL achieve a complete remission, which means that leukemia cells can no longer be seen in the bone marrow with a microscope. Still, despite high remission rates, relapses still commonly occur in adults and survival rates for adult patients remain at approximately 20 to 40 percent. However, these rates can vary significantly, depending on the patient’s ALL subtype and other prognostic factors.
Splenectomy
A splenectomy is the procedure done to remove the spleen. Before effective drugs became available for hairy cell leukemia, splenectomy was the first-line treatment for the disease.
Follow-Up Care
Click here for information about follow-up care, including what to expect, long-term and late effects of treatment, survivorship clinics, and other resources such as The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) treatment guidelines.
Related Links- Download or order The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society's factsheet Hairy Cell Leukemia
Madison
Hello! My name is Madison, but that's not what you need to remember. The name you need to remember is Brodie. You see, I am joining the 2023 Student Visionaries of the Year campaign in honor of my childhood friend, Brodie. In November 2018, Brodie was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) while only in the 6th grade. With a short fight of a long, five months, Brodie gained his wings on April 9, 2019. But today the war wages, on and we are battling this together. Our war is against leukemia, and I have no doubt we are going to win.
Mabel
My name is Mabel. I was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in December 2018. I started aggressive treatment at Northside Hospital in Atlanta, GA. The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS) became my safety net emotionally and financially. Emotionally they were very present and readily available to answer any questions or concerns I had. Financially they helped me cover the costs of my private medical insurance premiums, co-pays, and co-insurance for medication, labs, and tests. I am forever thankful to the LLS because they are able to help people like me.
Side Effects
Most ALL treatment side effects are temporary and subside once the body adjusts to therapy or after the therapy is completed. If side effects become severe, children may need to be hospitalized.
Side effects common to ALL and its treatment include:
Side Effects
Cancer therapy for juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) can sometimes produce side effects. For most patients, treatment side effects are temporary and go away once therapy ends. For others, side effects can be more severe, sometimes requiring hospitalization. Some patients never have side effects.
Before your child undergoes treatment, talk with his or her doctor about potential side effects. Drugs and other therapies can prevent or manage many side effects.
Reduced-Intensity Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Reduced-intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation (sometimes called mini-transplant or nonmyeloablative transplant), like a standard allogeneic stem cell transplantation, uses stem cells from a donor, but the conditioning treatment contains lower, less toxic doses of chemotherapy and radiation. This type of SCT may be an option for certain patients who are older or who are otherwise not healthy enough or strong enough to undergo standard allogeneic SCT.
Follow-Up Care
Click here for information about follow-up care, including what to expect, long-term and late effects of treatment, survivorship clinics, and other resources such as The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) treatment guidelines.
Parents of JMML patients are advised to discuss survival information with their child's doctor. The treatment of JMML patients hasn't led to long-lasting remissions in most cases. However, individual factors influence patient outcomes. See Treatment Outcomes.
Watch and Wait
A small percentage of people can manage their hairy cell leukemia with their doctors using a watch-and-wait approach. By using the watch-and-wait method, your doctor can monitor your condition with regular physical exams and lab tests. You won't take any drugs or undergo any treatment during this period.
You may feel uncomfortable because you know that you have cancer, yet you're not being treated right away. Rest assured that the watch-and-wait approach lets you avoid therapy's side effects until you need treatment.
Phil
My sweet and wild 3-year-old son, Phil, was diagnosed with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in the midst of the holidays in 2019 on December 27. Phil began treatment right away, following a 2½-year treatment protocol for his leukemia type and risk level. With every hospital visit, chemotherapy infusion, medication to take, procedures in the OR, or “job” he was told to do, Phil smiled, he laughed, and he cooperated (with a little encouragement and bribery of course!). There really was something so special about him.
Sara
My name is Sara, and I am an acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivor! I was diagnosed with ALL suddenly in November 2023 at 31 years old. I was feeling off a few months before my diagnosis, but I thought I was overdoing it at the gym, not eating well enough, not stretching enough, and not drinking enough water. Even my ribs were hurting to the point where drinking water was painful, but I thought I still did too much at the gym.
Oakley
Oakley was a typical 2-year-old going to gymnastics and play dates with her friends until a week after her third birthday when she began to decline health-wise very quickly. Oakley’s eyes began to swell, alternating between both eyes. We went to one urgent care visit, two ER visits, a visit with her primary pediatrician, and two blood draws before she was diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Kessler
Kessler McLaughlin’s life change forever on July 13, 2006. In the months leading up to that day, he was a typical 14-year-old kid, except that he was in pain all the time. Doctors couldn’t figure out why his joints were in so much pain.
Rohan
I am an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) survivor. I am now 10 months post-transplant and feeling stronger every day.I was born and raised in the Bay Area to South African Indian parents. I hold degrees from UC Berkeley and USC. I have built my career around advocating for equity in tech and marketing services that uplift underrepresented communities.
Carlos
I was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in June 2021 in Puerto Rico. I was introduced by a hospital social worker to The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS) for educational resources for patients and caregivers. My stem cell transplant was performed at Auxilio Mutuo Hospital in 2022. After applying for financial help from the LLS, I received help from several programs. LLS provided valuable educational materials that helped me to understand the condition and to make informed decisions. I am now 19 months post-transplant and in remission.
Chase
Meet Chase. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivor. When Chase was just 16 months old, he was diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Chase's treatment of chemotherapy lasted for three and a half years. Chase endured spinal taps, bone marrow draws, feeding tube placements, port accesses, blood transfusions, and countless medications - always with a smile. Chase triumphed; he's in remission and doing great. Chase's family is committed to finding a cure. They have participated in Light The Night Walk for the last seven years and raised more than $66,000!
Noah
Noah was diagnosed with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) on January 20, 2021. He was just six years old. We noticed Noah had a lot of bruising, dark circles under his eyes, his skin became very pale in color, and he was very fatigued. We took him to his pediatrician where they ran a lot of lab work. The next morning, we received a call stating that his labs did not look good and that he needed to see a pediatric oncologist right away.
Sophia
My wife and I would have never heard of The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society (LLS) if it were not for losing our 12-year-old daughter on March 12, 2013 to undiagnosed leukemia. If you've heard me speak of my daughter Sophia, you've heard this word: perfect. Her laugh, her eyes, her beautiful smile were all perfect. Sophia was a loving, kind and compassionate child. She loved her friends, her dogs (Katie & Daisy), and her family. Perfect. Sophia's story is very different from others.
Sal
Meet Sal. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Survivor. Florida. Sal was diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) before his daughter Olivia celebrated her first birthday. After multiple courses of treatment proved unsuccessful, he underwent a bone marrow transplant in September 2011. Now, almost three years later, Olivia is almost 5 and her Daddy is celebrating his "three-year post-transplant birthday"! Sal is healthy and strong - and has the energy to play and laugh with her. Most beautiful of all, he can now dream of being at her side for all kinds of birthdays to come.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is the main treatment for ALL. The phases of treatment include the following:
Induction TherapyThe first phase of chemotherapy is called “induction therapy.” Induction therapy
Side Effects
Therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can produce side effects. For most patients, treatment side effects are temporary and go away once therapy ends. For other patients, side effects can be severe, sometimes requiring hospitalization.
Before you start treatment, talk with your doctor about potential side effects. Drugs and other therapies can prevent or manage many side effects. Many treatment side effects go away or become less noticeable over time.
Common Side EffectsThe side effects you may experience depend on: