Some cancer treatments can affect the function of major organs like the heart, kidneys, liver and lungs. Your doctor will monitor you closely for any adverse effects.
Heart
If cancer treatments are combined, such as chemotherapy with immunotherapies or other biological agents, they may be more likely to affect your heart. The effect may be temporary, but sometimes it can be permanent. Your doctor may test your heart function with an electrocardiogram (ECG) or another test(s) before each treatment session.
Kidneys
Many drugs are excreted through the kidneys. If you have preexisting kidney damage or impaired kidney function, you may need modified doses of drugs. Your doctor will order blood tests to assess kidney function before starting therapy to determine whether a lower dose is needed.
Liver
If you have preexisting liver disease, you may need your doses reduced for drugs that are metabolized in the liver or excreted into the bile. Some anticancer agents may be toxic to the liver. Your doctor may test your blood periodically to assess your liver function and look for possible damage.
Lungs
Some chemotherapy or other cancer drugs can affect your lungs and breathing, with effects seen gradually over months or years. If you're taking drugs that are likely to cause lung problems, your doctor will check your lung function during and after your treatment. Let your doctor know if you ever feel breathless. He or she can give you information about coping with shortness of breath.